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Computer Terms

•     Adapter. Normally a Circuit Board that can be plugged into an expansion slot that will enhance the PC Systems capabilities. Adding a Sound card is an example.
•     ADC. A/D - short for Analog to Digital Converter.
•     AI. Artificial Intelligence.
•     ALGOL. Algorithmic Language.
•     ALT. Alternate Key.
•     ALU. Arithmetic and Logic Unit.
•     ANSI. American National Standards Institute.
•     APL. A Programming Language. Developed by Kenneth Iverson.
•     APT. Automatically Programmed Tools.
•     ASCII. American National Standard Code for Information Interchange.
•     ASCII Characters. These are characters used on your PC that come from the ASCII Character set, which is a binary code that is used to represent text characters; alphabetic, numeric and punctuation.
•     ASR. Automatic Send-Receive Keyboard.
•     ATA. A relatively low cost hard disk drive interface to provide high performance.
•     ATM. Automatic Teller Machine.
•     Average Seek Time. The average time taken for the heads of a disk drive to move from a track to another track.
•     BASIC. Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
•     Batch File. Normally a text file with the extension .bat that holds an amount of Dos commands that would normally be 'run' when the PC System boots (Starts, runs-up).
•     BBD. Bucket Brigade Device.
•     BCD. Binary Coded Decimal.
•     BIOS. Basic Input Output System.
•     Bit. Binary digit.
•     BNF. Backus-Naur Form.
•     Boot Disk. The disk which is used to Boot up a PC System, this disk holds information which is loaded into the system memory at start-up.
•     BPI. Bits Per Inch.
•     BPS. Bits per Second.
•     Buffer. Memory that is used for the temporary storage of data.
•     Bug. A software fault that can cause the program or Operating System to do strange things or malfunction.
•     Bus. A group of signal lines (wires, copper tracks etc) that are used for the transfer of data in a PC System.
•     Byte. Eight bits make up a byte.
•     C. A programming language.
•     CAD. Computer Aided Design.
•     CAE. Computer Aided Engineering.
•     CAI. Computer Aided (or Assisted) Instruction.
•     CAL. Computer Assisted Learning.
•     CAM. Computer Aided Manufacturing.
•     CAM. Content Addressable Memory.
•     CBL. Computer Based Learning.
•     CCD. Charged Coupled Device.
•     CCITT. International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee.
•     CD-ROM. Compact Disk Read Only Memory.
•     CGA. Colour Graphics Adapter capable of displaying 16 colours in low resolution graphics and 4 colours in medium resolution graphics mode.
•     CIM. Computer Input Microfilm.
•     CIR. Current Instruction Register.
•     CIS. Computer Information System.
•     CMI. Computer Managed Instruction.
•     CMOS Ram. Holds system configuration and clock data.
•     CMOS. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.
•     COBOL. COmmon Business Oriented Language.
•     COM. Computer Output Microfilm.
•     CP/M. An operating system produced by Digital Research.
•     CPI. Characters Per Inch.
•     CPU. Central processing Unit, the Microprocessor that is responsible for the Arithmetic, logical and control functions of the PC System.
•     CPS. Characters Per Second.
•     CRC. Cyclic Redundancy Check. An error checking scheme.
•     CROM. Control Read Only Memory.
•     CRT. Cathode Ray Tube.
•     CTRL. Control Key.
•     CVSD. Continuous Variable Slope Delta-modulation.
•     CWP. Communicating Word Processors.
•     DAC. D/A. Digital to Analog Converter.
•     DAR. Data Access Register.
•     DBMS. Database Management System.
•     DCB. Data Control Block.
•     DDE. Direct Data Entry.
•     DDL. Data Description Language.
•     DEL. Delete Key.
•     DIL. Dual In Line.
•     DIP. Dual In Line Package.
•     DIR. Directory.
•     DISP. (Cobol) Disposition.
•     DMA. Direct Memory Access.
•     DML. Data Manipulation Language.
•     DOS. Disk Operating System.
•     DP. Data processing.
•     DRAM. Dynamic RAM.
•     DSN. Data Set Name.
•     DTL. Diode Transistor Logic.
•     EAROM. Electrically Alterable ROM.
•     EBCDIC. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.
•     ECL. Emitter Coupled Logic.
•     EDP. Electronic Data Processing.
•     EDSAC. Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator.
•     EPROM. Electrically Programmable ROM.
•     EEPROM. Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM.
•     EGA. Enhanced Graphics Adapter.
•     EMS. Expanded Memory Specification.
•     ENIAC. Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator.
•     EOF. End Of File.
•     EPROM. Erasable programmable Read Only Memory.
•     EQ Gate. Equivalence gate.
•     EXE. An executable file, a program file like Delphi32.exe
•     EXP. EXPonental.
•     FAT. File Allocation Table.
•     FDM. Frequency Division Multiplexing.
•     FDX. Full Duplex Transmission.
•     FET. Field Effect Transistor.
•     FIFO. First In First Out.
•     G. This is the symbol used for 'giga', gigabyte.
•     GIGO. Garbage In Garbage Out.
•     GPIB. General Purpose Interface Bus.
•     GUI. Graphical User Interface.
•     Hardware. The physical parts of a PC System.
•     HDX. Half Duplex Transmission.
•     HEX. Hexadecimal. 0123456789ABCDEF.
•     IAS. Immediate Access Store. Main Store.
•     IBG. Interblock Gap.
•     IC. Integrated Circuit.
•     IDE. Intelligent Drive Electronics.
•     IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
•     I/O. Input Output.
•     K. Kilo.
•     IBM. International Business Machines.
•     IC. Intergrated Circuit.
•     INC. Increment.
•     INS. Insert key.
•     INT. INTeger.
•     IPL. Initial Program Loader.
•     IPO. Input Process Output-chart.
•     IPS. Inches Per Second.
•     IR. Instruction Register.
•     IRQ. Interrupt Request.
•     ISA. Industry Standard Architecture.
•     ISAM. Indexed Sequental Access Method.
•     ISO. International Organization for Standardization.
•     IT. Information Technology.
•     JCL. Job Control Language.
•     K. Kilobyte.
•     Kilobyte. One thousand and twenty four bytes.
•     KSAM. Keyed Sequential Access Method.
•     KWIC. KeyWord In Context.
•     LAN. Local Area Network.
•     LCD. Liquid Crystal Display.
•     LED. Light Emitting Diode.
•     LEO. Lyons Electronic Office.
•     LIFO. Last In First Out.
•     LISP. List Processor.
•     LSD. Least Significant Digit.
•     LSI. Large Scale Integration.
•     M. Megabyte.
•     MAR. Memory Address Register.
•     MB. Megabyte. 1048, 576.
•     MBR. Memory Buffer Register.
•     MCI. Media Control Interface.
•     MDR. Memory Data Register.
•     MHz. Megahertz.
•     MICR. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.
•     MIDI. Musical Instrument Digital Interface.
•     MIPS. Millions of Instructions Per Second.
•     MMI. Man Machine Interface.
•     MOD. Modulo.
•     MODEM. Modulator/Demodulator.
•     MOS. Metal Oxide Semiconductor.
•     MPU. Microprocessing Unit.
•     MTBF. Mean Time Between Failures.
•     MTTF. Mean Time To Failure.
•     MTU. Magnetic Tape Unit.
•     MUX. Multiplexer.
•     NEQ. Nonequivalence gate.
•     OCR. Optical Character Recognition.
•     OEM. Original Equipment Manufacturer.
•     OMR. Optical Mark Reading.
•     OS/2. Operating System 2.
•     PAD. Packet Switching Network
•     PC. Personal Computer.
•     PC. Printed Circuit.
•     PC. Program Counter.
•     PCB. Printed Circuit Board.
•     PCI. Peripheral Component Interconnect.
•     Pentium. 5th generation microprocessor in the 8086 family.
•     Pentium Pro. 6th generation microprocessor in the 8086 family.
•     PERT. Program Evaluation and Review Technique.
•     PID. Personal Identification Device.
•     PIN. Personal Identification Number.
•     PLA. Programmed Logic Array.
•     POS. Point Of Sale systems.
•     POST. Power On Self Test.
•     PPM. Pages Per Minute.
•     PROM. Programmable ROM.
•     PSS. Packet Switching Service. British Telecom. Packet Switch Team.
•     PSW. Program Status Word.
•     RAM. Random Access Memory.
•     REM. REMark.
•     RJE. Remote Job Entry.
•     ROM. Read Only Memory.
•     RP. Reverse Polish.
•     RTI. Return from Interrupt.
•     SCSI. Small Computer Systems Interface.
•     SCR. Sequence Control Register.
•     SIMM. Single Inline Memory Module.
•     SNOBOL. String Orientated Symbolic Language.
•     SOS. Silicon On Sapphire.
•     SP. Stack Pointer.
•     SRAM. Static RAM.
•     STRUDL. Structural Design Language.
•     TDM. Time Division Multiplexing.
•     TLU. Table Look-up.
•     TPI. Tracks Per Inch.
•     TSR. Terminate and Stay Resident program.
•     TTL. Transistor-Transistor Logic.
•     ULA. Uncommitted Logic Array.
•     UNIVAC. Universal Automatic Computer.
•     USART. Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter.
•     UPC. Universal Product Code.
•     VAB. Voice Answer Back.
•     VDU. Visual Display Unit.
•     VGA. Videa Graphics Array.
•     VL Bus. Vesa Local Bus.
•     VLSI. Very Large Scale Integration.
•     VRAM. Video Ram.
•     VSAM. Virtual Storage Access.
•     WAN. Wide Area Network.
•     WORM. Write Once Read Many.
•     XMS. eXtended Memory Specification.

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